Metabolomics and Proteomics

Urine Metabolomics

In response to a specific disease or therapeutic intervention a prominent field emerged i.e Urine metabolomics for the discovery of non-invasive biomarkers that can detect subtle metabolic discrepancies . compared to other biofluids, Urine, is characterized by its ease of collection, richness in metabolites and its ability to reflect imbalances of all biochemical pathways within the body. Using urine sample for metabolomic analysis, samples must be immediately frozen to quench any biogenic and/or non-biogenic chemical reactions. Liquid chromatography (LC)-MS is unequivocally  Combined with the qualitative and quantitative capabilities of MS, due to the continuous improvements in its related technologies is the most analytical tool employed in urine metabolomics . The Urine Metabolome database contains detailed information about ~3100 small molecule metabolites found in human urine along with ~3900 concentration values. The  data fields contains by  metabolite are hyperlinked to other databases (KEGG, PubChem, ChEBI, Chemspider, DrugBank, PDB and Uniprot). The information derived from  chemical data, clinical data and molecular/biochemistry data.